Harm counted here, in the products the model covers

Each product whose supply chain counts deaths in Iraq, with its deaths per item and the part of that figure counted here — the other side of the story: harm suffered here, in things mostly bought elsewhere.

Scenario Economic-embedded, using FIGARO 2023.

Harm counted here, in the products the model covers
Product	Deaths per item
Wheat flour Part from here: <0.1%	1.1 × 10⁻⁸ per item(0.44–2.6 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Pack of cigarettes Part from here: <0.1%	3.6 × 10⁻¹⁰ per item(1.4–8.8 × 10⁻¹⁰)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Croissant Part from here: <0.1%	0.42–2.4 × 10⁻⁸ per itemINDICATIVES-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Butter Part from here: <0.1%	3.2 × 10⁻⁷ per item(1.3–7.2 × 10⁻⁷)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Bag of charcoal Part from here: <0.1%	1.5 × 10⁻⁷ per item(0.61–3.5 × 10⁻⁷)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Refined sugar Part from here: <0.1%	6.1 × 10⁻⁹ per item(0.24–1.5 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Chocolate bar Part from here: <0.1%	2.5 × 10⁻⁹ per item(1.2–5.8 × 10⁻⁹)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r

The figure is the product’s own, with its range. The share beside it is a middle estimate only: the calculation stores a range for each figure, not for each part of one.

Recorded here

Deaths recorded for this country, as their publishers counted them: war deaths from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), and deaths at work reported to the International Labour Organization. Both are records, and both are floors, not estimates of the whole. A war death is recorded where it happened, whoever died.

Recorded here
Kind of harm	Years	Deaths recorded	Latest year
War deaths (UCDP)	1989–2025	127,918	137 (2025)

What it produces

The latest year on record for each material, and this country’s share of the production on record for that year. That is not always a share of the world total: when a publisher lumps small producers together as “other countries”, that group is not a country and is not loaded.

What it produces
Material	Produced	Share of recorded production	Quality
Crude petroleum (2025)	215,695,948 t	5.1%	gap filled
Natural gas (2024)	10,322,209,729 m3	0.2%	reported
Wheat (2024)	5,234,171 t	0.7%	reported
Milk (2024)	357,875 t	0.0%	estimated
Maize (2024)	500,000 t	0.0%	external
Rice (2024)	227,508 t	0.0%	reported
Soybeans (2024)	34 t	0.0%	estimated
Sugar (2024)	35,354 t	0.0%	gap filled
Cotton (2024)	12 t	0.0%	estimated
Livestock (2024)	284,916 t	0.1%	gap filled
Timber (2024)	59,000 m3	0.0%	estimated
Tobacco (unmanufactured) (2024)	2,340 t	0.0%	gap filled
Wood charcoal (2024)	22,567 t	0.0%	gap filled
Agricultural land (2024)	9,397,830 ha	0.2%	gap filled
Forest (2025)	692,550 ha	0.0%	external
Fresh water (2023)	7,445,000,000 m3	1.4%	gap filled

Where what it consumes is produced

For each material, how much of what this country uses was produced in each country. It is traced through trade, so a country that only passes a material on is not counted as its source: it hands on the mix it imported. The largest sources are listed and the rest added together.

Crude petroleum — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Iraq (at home)	100.0%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

Natural gas — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Iraq (at home)	100.0%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

Coal and lignite — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Turkiye	59.3%	yes
Russian Federation	17.2%	yes
United States	10.3%	—
Australia	5.1%	—
Colombia	4.8%	yes
Kazakhstan	1.1%	—
All other countries	2.1%

Cobalt — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Congo, Dem. Rep.	42.8%	yes
Turkiye	14.0%	yes
Madagascar	12.2%	—
Australia	11.3%	—
Canada	11.1%	—
Indonesia	3.6%	yes
All other countries	5.0%

Copper — 2014, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
United States	30.2%	yes
Zambia	23.7%	—
Congo, Dem. Rep.	15.9%	yes
Chile	15.6%	—
Canada	6.0%	—
Peru	3.0%	yes
All other countries	5.5%

Lithium — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Chile	32.8%	—
Australia	29.5%	—
China	22.0%	—
Zimbabwe	7.0%	—
Argentina	6.1%	yes
Brazil	1.9%	yes
All other countries	0.7%

Nickel — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Australia	35.2%	—
Canada	33.0%	—
Russian Federation	13.1%	yes
Indonesia	6.7%	yes
Brazil	6.6%	yes
China	2.4%	—
All other countries	3.0%

Gold — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Russian Federation	14.5%	yes
Uzbekistan	12.1%	—
United States	11.3%	—
Ghana	10.0%	yes
Canada	9.6%	—
Australia	9.0%	—
All other countries	33.5%

Tin — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Peru	34.5%	—
Indonesia	28.3%	yes
Bolivia	14.8%	—
Brazil	14.5%	yes
China	3.3%	—
Congo, Dem. Rep.	1.0%	yes
All other countries	3.6%

Tantalum — 2022, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Congo, Dem. Rep.	69.5%	yes
Burundi	14.0%	yes
Rwanda	9.5%	yes
Russian Federation	4.4%	yes
Nigeria	1.2%	yes
Australia	0.7%	—
All other countries	0.7%

Tungsten — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	78.2%	—
Bolivia	7.0%	—
Austria	3.4%	—
Portugal	3.0%	—
Spain	2.6%	—
Korea, Dem. People's Rep.	2.1%	—
All other countries	3.7%

Iron ore — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Turkiye	64.2%	yes
Brazil	19.0%	yes
Sweden	4.7%	—
Ukraine	4.6%	yes
South Africa	3.5%	yes
Russian Federation	2.3%	yes
All other countries	1.7%

Bauxite — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Brazil	99.9%	yes
All other countries	0.1%

Rare earth elements — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
United States	76.4%	—
China	20.1%	—
Myanmar	2.0%	yes
Australia	0.8%	—
Russian Federation	0.3%	yes
India	0.3%	yes
All other countries	0.1%

Silver — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Peru	19.1%	—
Poland	16.1%	—
Mexico	11.5%	yes
China	10.2%	—
Kazakhstan	7.6%	—
Australia	7.4%	—
All other countries	28.1%

Zinc — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
India	64.0%	yes
Mexico	10.6%	yes
Peru	8.5%	—
Bolivia	4.5%	—
Australia	4.3%	—
United States	4.1%	—
All other countries	4.1%

Phosphate rock — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Brazil	97.9%	yes
India	2.1%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

Manganese — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
South Africa	39.1%	yes
Gabon	29.7%	—
India	22.6%	yes
Australia	5.7%	—
Cote d'Ivoire	1.1%	—
Brazil	0.7%	yes
All other countries	1.1%

Natural graphite — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	98.3%	—
Tanzania	0.8%	yes
Madagascar	0.5%	—
Mozambique	0.3%	yes
All other countries	0.1%

Salt — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Turkiye	44.4%	yes
Pakistan	35.4%	yes
Germany	3.0%	yes
Saudi Arabia	2.8%	—
Spain	2.8%	—
China	2.7%	—
All other countries	8.9%

Silica sand — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Saudi Arabia	41.9%	—
China	31.6%	—
Turkiye	16.5%	yes
India	1.7%	yes
United States	1.7%	—
Netherlands	1.7%	—
All other countries	4.8%

Natural diamonds (rough) — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Angola	23.4%	yes
Canada	20.2%	—
Botswana	19.2%	—
Russian Federation	16.9%	yes
Congo, Dem. Rep.	6.6%	yes
Zimbabwe	4.4%	—
All other countries	9.2%

Wheat — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Iraq (at home)	88.1%	yes
Turkiye	8.7%	yes
Russian Federation	1.7%	yes
Australia	1.1%	—
Ukraine	0.2%	yes
All other countries	0.2%

Milk — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Iraq (at home)	68.5%	yes
Saudi Arabia	9.1%	—
Netherlands	5.1%	—
New Zealand	3.3%	—
Turkiye	2.6%	yes
France	2.5%	yes
All other countries	8.9%

Natural rubber — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Thailand	93.9%	yes
Cote d'Ivoire	2.4%	—
Indonesia	1.4%	yes
Viet Nam	1.3%	—
Cambodia	0.2%	—
Liberia	0.2%	yes
All other countries	0.5%

Maize — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Iraq (at home)	43.0%	yes
Turkiye	16.9%	yes
Ukraine	16.6%	yes
Brazil	15.6%	yes
Russian Federation	2.9%	yes
Romania	1.1%	—
All other countries	3.9%

Rice — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
India	52.1%	yes
Thailand	34.5%	yes
Iraq (at home)	8.7%	yes
United States	3.3%	—
Turkiye	0.6%	yes
Pakistan	0.4%	yes
All other countries	0.4%

Soybeans — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Brazil	80.5%	yes
United States	18.8%	—
Paraguay	0.5%	—
All other countries	0.2%

Sugar — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Brazil	90.4%	yes
Turkiye	4.6%	yes
China	3.4%	—
India	0.5%	yes
Iraq (at home)	0.2%	yes
France	0.1%	yes
All other countries	0.8%

Coffee — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Brazil	53.5%	yes
India	12.7%	yes
Uganda	7.4%	yes
Colombia	4.8%	yes
Viet Nam	4.2%	—
Ethiopia	2.7%	yes
All other countries	14.7%

Cocoa — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Cote d'Ivoire	66.5%	—
Liberia	8.6%	yes
Ecuador	7.7%	yes
Nigeria	7.4%	yes
Uganda	2.1%	yes
Togo	2.1%	yes
All other countries	5.6%

Palm oil — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Indonesia	64.9%	yes
Malaysia	34.6%	—
Thailand	0.2%	yes
Papua New Guinea	0.1%	yes
All other countries	0.1%

Cotton — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Turkiye	34.7%	yes
United States	17.1%	—
Malawi	7.5%	—
Brazil	7.4%	yes
India	7.0%	yes
Burkina Faso	6.5%	yes
All other countries	19.8%

Livestock — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Iraq (at home)	36.6%	yes
Brazil	24.8%	yes
Turkiye	13.6%	yes
India	12.5%	yes
Colombia	3.0%	yes
Ukraine	1.9%	yes
All other countries	7.6%

Timber — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Malaysia	24.0%	—
Romania	22.6%	—
Turkiye	18.5%	yes
Iraq (at home)	17.1%	yes
Ukraine	4.1%	yes
United States	3.0%	—
All other countries	10.6%

Tobacco (unmanufactured) — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Iraq (at home)	39.8%	yes
Brazil	10.3%	yes
India	7.5%	yes
Italy	6.4%	—
Croatia	5.5%	—
Poland	3.8%	—
All other countries	26.8%

Wood charcoal — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Indonesia	75.7%	yes
Iraq (at home)	17.8%	yes
China	3.3%	—
Ukraine	1.4%	yes
Philippines	0.4%	yes
Egypt, Arab Rep.	0.3%	—
All other countries	1.1%

“War recorded” marks a source country where war deaths were recorded in the same year. It is a fact about that country, not a claim that this material caused them.

Where what it produces is consumed

For each material this country produces, how much of it is used in each country, including at home.

Crude petroleum — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
China	30.8%
India	23.4%
Iraq (at home)	19.1%
Korea, Rep.	6.5%
United States	3.8%
Greece	3.8%
All other countries	12.6%

Natural gas — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Iraq (at home)	87.9%
Pakistan	6.0%
India	2.3%
Sri Lanka	1.6%
Bangladesh	0.6%
South Africa	0.2%
All other countries	1.3%

Wheat — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Iraq (at home)	99.7%
All other countries	0.3%

Milk — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Iraq (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Maize — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Iraq (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Rice — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Iraq (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Soybeans — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
All other countries	100.0%

Sugar — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Iraq (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Cotton — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
All other countries	100.0%

Livestock — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Iraq (at home)	99.9%
All other countries	0.1%

Timber — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Iraq (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Tobacco (unmanufactured) — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Iraq (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Wood charcoal — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Iraq (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

The number this page does not show

The harm these supply chains carry is calculated, and not shown.

The model passes the harm counted where a material is produced on to the countries that use it. That is a count of people from a recorded calculation, with no range yet, and nothing of that kind is published before the model passes its test on past years. What this page can show without it is the structure: who produces, who uses, and where harm is recorded along the way.

Sources

Sources
Version of the data	Downloaded	File fingerprint
ucdp · ged-v26.1	2026-09-10	`8c941d84954e555e…`
eia · intl-20261003	2026-10-06	`9251a5920ebe7044…`
faostat · qcl-20251231	2026-09-29	`c5835418c18f9322…`
faostat · fo-20260109	2026-09-29	`c2f7fc99651f620b…`
faostat · rl-20261002	2026-10-06	`39b739fbfb694971…`
aquastat · ds-20260713	2026-10-06	`3bca93e1d4430099…`
baci · HS92_V202601-20260130	2026-09-29	`43259580059fa83e…`

CEPII, BACI — Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level, CEPII Working Paper 2010-23. CEPII did not endorse these derived figures — HS92_V202601-20260130, retrieved 2026-09-29 from https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/data/BACI_HS92_V202601.zip. Licensed under Open Licence 2.0 (Licence Ouverte, Etalab) (https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf).
FAO. AQUASTAT, FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture: municipal water withdrawal. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — ds-20260713, retrieved 2026-10-06 from https://api.data.apps.fao.org/api/v2/bigquery. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAOSTAT. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — fo-20260109, retrieved 2026-09-29 from https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/Forestry_E_All_Data_(Normalized).zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAOSTAT. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — qcl-20251231, retrieved 2026-09-29 from https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/Production_Crops_Livestock_E_All_Data_(Normalized).zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAOSTAT. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — rl-20261002, retrieved 2026-10-06 from https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/Inputs_LandUse_E_All_Data_(Normalized).zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics — intl-20261003, retrieved 2026-10-06 from https://www.eia.gov/opendata/bulk/INTL.zip. Used under U.S. Government work — public domain (EIA Copyrights and Reuse); see https://www.eia.gov/about/copyrights_reuse.php.
Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), Uppsala University — Davies, Pettersson and Oberg, "Organized violence 1989-2025, and violent political protests", Journal of Peace Research (2026), doi:10.1093/jopres/xjag046 — ged-v26.1, retrieved 2026-09-10 from https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/ged/ged261-csv.zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.

Sources →

Iraq