Harm counted here, in the products the model covers

Each product whose supply chain counts deaths in Yemen, Rep., with its deaths per item and the part of that figure counted here — the other side of the story: harm suffered here, in things mostly bought elsewhere.

Scenario Economic-embedded, using FIGARO 2023.

Harm counted here, in the products the model covers
Product	Deaths per item
Pack of cigarettes Part from here: 16%	3.6 × 10⁻¹⁰ per item(1.4–8.8 × 10⁻¹⁰)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Coffee, one cup Part from here: 2.0%	4.7 × 10⁻¹⁰ per item(0.19–1.2 × 10⁻⁹)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Roasted coffee Part from here: 2.0%	6.7 × 10⁻⁸ per item(0.27–1.7 × 10⁻⁷)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Butter Part from here: 0.89%	3.2 × 10⁻⁷ per item(1.3–7.2 × 10⁻⁷)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Croissant Part from here: 0.85%	0.42–2.4 × 10⁻⁸ per itemINDICATIVES-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Wheat flour Part from here: 0.29%	1.1 × 10⁻⁸ per item(0.44–2.6 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Bag of charcoal Part from here: <0.1%	1.5 × 10⁻⁷ per item(0.61–3.5 × 10⁻⁷)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Cotton fabric Part from here: <0.1%	3.9 × 10⁻⁸ per item(1.5–9.5 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Cotton T-shirt Part from here: <0.1%	6.4 × 10⁻⁹ per item(0.25–1.6 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Cotton yarn Part from here: <0.1%	3.8 × 10⁻⁸ per item(1.5–9.3 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Denim fabric Part from here: <0.1%	3.8 × 10⁻⁸ per item(1.5–9.8 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Jeans Part from here: <0.1%	3.2 × 10⁻⁸ per item(1.2–8.0 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r

The figure is the product’s own, with its range. The share beside it is a middle estimate only: the calculation stores a range for each figure, not for each part of one.

Recorded here

Deaths recorded for this country, as their publishers counted them: war deaths from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), and deaths at work reported to the International Labour Organization. Both are records, and both are floors, not estimates of the whole. A war death is recorded where it happened, whoever died.

Recorded here
Kind of harm	Years	Deaths recorded	Latest year
War deaths (UCDP)	1994–2025	73,977	1,718 (2025)

What it produces

The latest year on record for each material, and this country’s share of the production on record for that year. That is not always a share of the world total: when a publisher lumps small producers together as “other countries”, that group is not a country and is not loaded.

What it produces
Material	Produced	Share of recorded production	Quality
Crude petroleum (2025)	720,151 t	0.0%	gap filled
Natural gas (2024)	10,381,256 m3	0.0%	reported
Wheat (2024)	98,000 t	0.0%	gap filled
Milk (2024)	411,155 t	0.0%	estimated
Maize (2024)	58,000 t	0.0%	gap filled
Sugar (1978)	500 t	0.0%	external
Coffee (2024)	26,544 t	0.2%	gap filled
Cotton (2024)	3,820 t	0.0%	gap filled
Livestock (2024)	450,123 t	0.1%	estimated
Timber (2024)	2,600 m3	0.0%	estimated
Tobacco (unmanufactured) (2024)	31,682 t	0.5%	gap filled
Wood charcoal (2024)	25,000 t	0.0%	gap filled
Agricultural land (2024)	23,452,000 ha	0.5%	gap filled
Forest (2025)	549,000 ha	0.0%	external
Fresh water (2023)	265,000,000 m3	0.0%	gap filled

Where what it consumes is produced

For each material, how much of what this country uses was produced in each country. It is traced through trade, so a country that only passes a material on is not counted as its source: it hands on the mix it imported. The largest sources are listed and the rest added together.

Crude petroleum — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	100.0%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

Natural gas — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	100.0%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

Coal and lignite — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
South Africa	98.1%	yes
Australia	0.9%	—
United States	0.3%	—
Russian Federation	0.2%	yes
Eswatini	0.1%	—
Botswana	0.1%	—
All other countries	0.3%

Cobalt — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Congo, Dem. Rep.	47.5%	yes
Australia	16.1%	—
Canada	13.0%	—
Madagascar	10.2%	—
Turkiye	5.0%	yes
Russian Federation	3.3%	yes
All other countries	4.9%

Copper — 2014, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Chile	43.1%	—
Peru	13.3%	yes
Congo, Dem. Rep.	9.4%	yes
Australia	9.1%	—
Zambia	8.3%	—
United States	6.4%	yes
All other countries	10.2%

Lithium — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Australia	33.3%	—
China	28.3%	—
Chile	24.0%	—
Zimbabwe	6.9%	—
Argentina	4.9%	yes
Brazil	2.0%	yes
All other countries	0.6%

Nickel — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Russian Federation	37.3%	yes
Australia	27.9%	—
Canada	20.7%	—
Indonesia	10.0%	yes
Brazil	1.5%	yes
Philippines	1.0%	yes
All other countries	1.5%

Gold — 2015, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
United States	15.9%	yes
Ghana	12.1%	—
Mexico	10.9%	yes
Brazil	10.3%	yes
Peru	9.6%	yes
Russian Federation	9.0%	yes
All other countries	32.2%

Tin — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Indonesia	29.7%	yes
Malaysia	15.9%	—
Peru	12.9%	—
China	12.3%	—
Bolivia	7.8%	—
Australia	6.0%	—
All other countries	15.5%

Tantalum — 2020, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Brazil	60.0%	yes
Ethiopia	15.5%	yes
Rwanda	5.9%	—
Nigeria	4.8%	yes
Congo, Dem. Rep.	4.2%	yes
Russian Federation	4.1%	yes
All other countries	5.4%

Tungsten — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	91.6%	yes
Korea, Dem. People's Rep.	2.1%	—
Bolivia	2.1%	yes
Russian Federation	1.0%	yes
Austria	1.0%	—
Spain	0.8%	yes
All other countries	1.4%

Iron ore — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Canada	56.9%	—
Brazil	25.6%	yes
United States	11.3%	—
South Africa	4.8%	yes
Sweden	1.0%	—
Australia	0.1%	—
All other countries	0.2%

Bauxite — 2021, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Brazil	41.8%	yes
Guinea	27.1%	yes
India	26.7%	yes
China	2.9%	—
Australia	0.9%	—
Indonesia	0.6%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

Rare earth elements — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	49.5%	—
India	39.0%	yes
Myanmar	5.0%	yes
United States	2.9%	—
Australia	1.8%	—
Russian Federation	1.3%	yes
All other countries	0.4%

Silver — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Mexico	26.7%	yes
Australia	13.1%	—
Poland	12.6%	—
Peru	11.4%	—
Bolivia	7.8%	—
United States	6.1%	—
All other countries	22.3%

Zinc — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	64.8%	—
Australia	10.1%	—
Peru	8.3%	—
Kazakhstan	4.3%	—
Mexico	3.1%	yes
Bolivia	2.8%	—
All other countries	6.6%

Phosphate rock — 2013, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Senegal	64.6%	yes
Tunisia	13.8%	yes
Algeria	9.8%	yes
United States	6.7%	—
Egypt, Arab Rep.	3.1%	yes
Russian Federation	1.7%	yes
All other countries	0.3%

Manganese — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
South Africa	44.3%	yes
Gabon	17.9%	—
Brazil	14.9%	yes
Australia	12.5%	—
Ghana	4.2%	yes
China	4.0%	yes
All other countries	2.3%

Natural graphite — 2020, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	71.3%	—
Mozambique	9.1%	yes
Brazil	6.4%	yes
Norway	5.4%	—
Madagascar	3.4%	yes
India	1.7%	yes
All other countries	2.7%

Salt — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Saudi Arabia	32.9%	—
China	17.3%	—
Turkiye	17.0%	yes
Egypt, Arab Rep.	14.3%	—
India	6.9%	yes
Germany	2.7%	yes
All other countries	8.9%

Silica sand — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
France	79.8%	yes
Turkiye	13.0%	yes
Netherlands	2.6%	—
Spain	1.3%	—
Germany	1.3%	yes
United States	0.8%	—
All other countries	1.1%

Natural diamonds (rough) — 2022, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Russian Federation	30.7%	yes
Botswana	25.1%	—
Canada	15.2%	—
Angola	14.1%	yes
South Africa	6.3%	yes
Zimbabwe	2.6%	—
All other countries	6.0%

Wheat — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Australia	66.2%	—
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	14.8%	yes
Ukraine	12.2%	yes
United States	5.6%	—
Romania	0.7%	—
Canada	0.4%	—
All other countries	0.2%

Milk — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	59.6%	yes
Netherlands	8.5%	—
France	7.1%	yes
New Zealand	5.3%	—
Belgium	5.3%	—
Saudi Arabia	4.2%	—
All other countries	10.0%

Natural rubber — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Thailand	46.1%	yes
Cote d'Ivoire	15.7%	—
Viet Nam	10.9%	—
Malaysia	7.8%	—
Ghana	4.0%	yes
Philippines	2.7%	yes
All other countries	12.8%

Maize — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Argentina	54.8%	yes
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	33.2%	yes
Brazil	9.9%	yes
India	0.9%	yes
Turkiye	0.6%	yes
Ukraine	0.2%	yes
All other countries	0.4%

Rice — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
India	67.9%	yes
Thailand	18.3%	yes
Pakistan	12.9%	yes
Korea, Rep.	0.8%	—
All other countries	0.1%

Soybeans — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
India	32.6%	yes
Brazil	31.4%	yes
United States	24.1%	—
Argentina	9.1%	yes
Paraguay	1.3%	—
Canada	0.5%	—
All other countries	1.0%

Sugar — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Brazil	76.6%	yes
India	16.6%	yes
Egypt, Arab Rep.	5.9%	—
China	0.4%	—
All other countries	0.4%

Coffee — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	99.0%	yes
Ethiopia	0.6%	yes
Brazil	0.2%	yes
All other countries	0.3%

Cocoa — 2022, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Cote d'Ivoire	49.5%	—
Ghana	10.5%	yes
Cameroon	5.4%	yes
Peru	5.1%	yes
Ecuador	4.6%	yes
Guatemala	4.1%	yes
All other countries	20.9%

Palm oil — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Indonesia	50.0%	yes
Malaysia	49.4%	—
Thailand	0.3%	yes
Papua New Guinea	0.2%	yes
All other countries	0.1%

Cotton — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	99.4%	yes
Egypt, Arab Rep.	0.2%	—
Brazil	0.1%	yes
All other countries	0.3%

Livestock — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	95.5%	yes
Brazil	4.2%	yes
France	0.1%	yes
All other countries	0.2%

Timber — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Malaysia	33.8%	—
Finland	15.2%	—
Sweden	10.4%	—
Austria	4.6%	—
Germany	4.3%	yes
Chile	4.3%	—
All other countries	27.5%

Tobacco (unmanufactured) — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	84.4%	yes
India	13.6%	yes
Zimbabwe	1.8%	—
All other countries	0.3%

Wood charcoal — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	93.6%	yes
Indonesia	4.4%	yes
China	1.5%	—
Egypt, Arab Rep.	0.2%	—
All other countries	0.4%

“War recorded” marks a source country where war deaths were recorded in the same year. It is a fact about that country, not a claim that this material caused them.

Where what it produces is consumed

For each material this country produces, how much of it is used in each country, including at home.

Crude petroleum — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Natural gas — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Wheat — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Milk — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	98.1%
Saudi Arabia	1.4%
Bahrain	0.1%
All other countries	0.4%

Maize — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	99.9%
All other countries	0.1%

Coffee — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	84.0%
Saudi Arabia	7.2%
Japan	2.4%
Kuwait	0.8%
Qatar	0.3%
Bahrain	0.1%
All other countries	5.2%

Cotton — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Livestock — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Timber — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Tobacco (unmanufactured) — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	99.7%
Kuwait	0.3%
All other countries	0.0%

Wood charcoal — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Yemen, Rep. (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

The number this page does not show

The harm these supply chains carry is calculated, and not shown.

The model passes the harm counted where a material is produced on to the countries that use it. That is a count of people from a recorded calculation, with no range yet, and nothing of that kind is published before the model passes its test on past years. What this page can show without it is the structure: who produces, who uses, and where harm is recorded along the way.

Sources

Sources
Version of the data	Downloaded	File fingerprint
ucdp · ged-v26.1	2026-09-10	`8c941d84954e555e…`
eia · intl-20261003	2026-10-06	`9251a5920ebe7044…`
faostat · qcl-20251231	2026-09-29	`c5835418c18f9322…`
faostat · fo-20260109	2026-09-29	`c2f7fc99651f620b…`
faostat · rl-20261002	2026-10-06	`39b739fbfb694971…`
aquastat · ds-20260713	2026-10-06	`3bca93e1d4430099…`
baci · HS92_V202601-20260130	2026-09-29	`43259580059fa83e…`

CEPII, BACI — Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level, CEPII Working Paper 2010-23. CEPII did not endorse these derived figures — HS92_V202601-20260130, retrieved 2026-09-29 from https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/data/BACI_HS92_V202601.zip. Licensed under Open Licence 2.0 (Licence Ouverte, Etalab) (https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf).
FAO. AQUASTAT, FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture: municipal water withdrawal. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — ds-20260713, retrieved 2026-10-06 from https://api.data.apps.fao.org/api/v2/bigquery. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAOSTAT. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — fo-20260109, retrieved 2026-09-29 from https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/Forestry_E_All_Data_(Normalized).zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAOSTAT. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — qcl-20251231, retrieved 2026-09-29 from https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/Production_Crops_Livestock_E_All_Data_(Normalized).zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAOSTAT. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — rl-20261002, retrieved 2026-10-06 from https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/Inputs_LandUse_E_All_Data_(Normalized).zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics — intl-20261003, retrieved 2026-10-06 from https://www.eia.gov/opendata/bulk/INTL.zip. Used under U.S. Government work — public domain (EIA Copyrights and Reuse); see https://www.eia.gov/about/copyrights_reuse.php.
Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), Uppsala University — Davies, Pettersson and Oberg, "Organized violence 1989-2025, and violent political protests", Journal of Peace Research (2026), doi:10.1093/jopres/xjag046 — ged-v26.1, retrieved 2026-09-10 from https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/ged/ged261-csv.zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.

Sources →

Yemen, Rep.