Land and water
Fresh water
Where it comes from, what share of an industry’s output it is, and which wars the model links to it.
This page shows production, shares and inputs. It does not show a death toll per tonne. The shares below say what part of an industry’s output this material is, and what part of a war’s harm the model links to it. Multiplying either by a number of people gives a result, and no result is published until it comes from a recorded calculation, with a range and a confidence grade.
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Who produces it
The publisher’s own figures for 2023, across 183 countries. Nothing here has been linked to anything yet.
| Country | Produced | Share | Figure |
|---|---|---|---|
| China CHN |
124,850,000,000 m3 | 23.3% | gap filled |
| United States USA |
58,390,000,000 m3 | 10.9% | gap filled |
| India IND |
56,000,000,000 m3 | 10.4% | gap filled |
| Indonesia IDN |
23,800,000,000 m3 | 4.4% | gap filled |
| Russian Federation RUS |
17,150,000,000 m3 | 3.2% | gap filled |
| Brazil BRA |
15,631,000,000 m3 | 2.9% | official |
| Japan JPN |
14,400,000,000 m3 | 2.7% | gap filled |
| Mexico MEX |
13,330,000,000 m3 | 2.5% | official |
| Egypt, Arab Rep. EGY |
10,750,000,000 m3 | 2.0% | gap filled |
| Pakistan PAK |
9,650,000,000 m3 | 1.8% | gap filled |
| Philippines PHL |
9,610,734,147 m3 | 1.8% | official |
| Germany DEU |
9,546,195,000 m3 | 1.8% | gap filled |
| Italy ITA |
9,148,000,000 m3 | 1.7% | gap filled |
| Iraq IRQ |
7,445,000,000 m3 | 1.4% | gap filled |
| Turkiye TUR |
7,144,200,000 m3 | 1.3% | gap filled |
Production figures: FAO, FAOSTAT, CC BY 4.0. FAO does not endorse any figure made from them, and none is implied.
What share of an industry’s output it is
Worked out from production, not typed in: an industry’s split between materials is the share of what it actually produced. These are WORLD figures, all years together; the model itself uses a separate mix for every country and year, because a world mix would link deaths in the Congo to copper mined in Chile.
| Industry | Share of output | How |
|---|---|---|
| Water collection, treatment and supply 36 |
100.0% | the industry’s only material · LOW |
Weight and value answer different questions and are never added together. A tonne of gold weighs the same as a tonne of iron ore but is worth far more, so the share of an industry’s harm this material gets depends on which one is used.
Which wars the model links to it
The average share of each war’s harm that the model links to this material, taken over the countries and years the war covers. An average of shares is not a share of a total, and the two differ whenever the coverage is uneven.
| War | Average share of its harm | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Nigeria: Government | 10.43% | 17 |
| Sudan: Government | 4.82% | 20 |
These are shares of a war, not counts of people. The number of deaths they stand for is calculated but not published: it has no range yet and has not passed the test on past years.
Harm per tonne and per euro
Harm per tonne and harm per euro are both calculated. Neither is shown yet.
Harm per tonne cannot be worked out for this material yet, because no world production of it has been ingested (loaded). That is recorded as undefined, not as zero.
Both are numbers of people divided by an amount, from a calculation that has no range and has not passed the test on past years yet, and nothing of that kind is published until it has. What this page can say now is whether each can be worked out, and on what basis.
Which products use it
Semi-finished and finished products whose list of materials reaches this material, through every step in between, and how much of it one of them needs — waste included.
| Product | Needs |
|---|---|
| Coffee, one cup
finished product |
25.0 mL for one Italian espresso — 25 mL in the cup — as the Istituto Nazionale Espresso Italiano defines it |
| Croissant
finished product |
20.0 mL for one butter croissant as made — 123 g of dough — with its 3 g of packaging |
Amounts, not harm: how much of the material the product’s supply chain needs. The harm that carries is not shown.
Sources
| Version of the data | Downloaded | File fingerprint |
|---|---|---|
| aquastat · ds-20260713 | 2026-10-06 | 3bca93e1d4430099… |
FAO. AQUASTAT, FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture: municipal water withdrawal. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — ds-20260713, retrieved 2026-10-06 from https://api.data.apps.fao.org/api/v2/bigquery. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.